1. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about this disease?
A. AD is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, eventually even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks B. AD is caused by a disease that affects the brain, and in the absence of disease, the human brain often can function well into the 10th decade of life C. In the majority of people with AD, symptoms first appear after age 65 D. AD is the most common cause of dementia among older people, and it presents a major problem for our health care system and society as a whole2. For a neuro-degenerative disease like AD the number of people with the disease triples for every 5-year age interval beyond age 65.
A. True B. False3. Groups of neurons in the brain have special jobs including being involved with thinking, learning, and memory, receiving information from the sensory organs, and:
A. Processing and remembering strong emotions such as fear B. Controlling our heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing C. Communicating with muscles, stimulating them into action D. None of the above4. The brains of people with AD have an abundance of two abnormal structures which are:
A. Glial cells and temporal bundles B. Myelin vesicules and beta receptors C. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles D. None of the above5. Researchers found that older adults with mild cognitive impairment had more movement difficulties than the cognitively healthy participants but less than those with AD.
A. True B. False6. Hallucinations, delusions, suspiciousness or paranoia, irritability, and loss of impulse control usually occur during the advanced stage of Alzheimer's Disease.
A. True B. False7. Genetic studies of complex neurodegenerative diseases such as AD have shown that early onset AD tends to run in families, and children have about a 30 percent chance of developing the disease if one of their parents has it.
A. True B. False8. Neurodegenerative diseases like AD, Parkinson's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and dementia share clinical characteristics including difficulty moving, sleep-wake disorders, delusions and:
A. Repetitive motions and muscle twitches B. Restlessness and agitation C. Psychiatric disturbances and memory loss D. All of the above9. AD vascular research has studied a constellation of factors that may be related to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and accelerated cognitive decline. This group of factors is known as:
A. Metabolic syndrome B. Anabolic disorder C. Glycogen resistance syndrome D. None of the above10. The drugs now available to treat AD can help some people maintain their mental abilities for months to years, as well as changing the underlying course of the disease.
A. True B. False11. Four medications have been approved by the FDA for use in treating AD symptoms. These drugs maintain abilities to carry out activities of daily living and
A. Help to maintain higher levels of dopamine in the brain, which tend to fall sharply in people with AD B. May help individuals maintain some thinking, memory, or speaking skills, and can help with certain behavioral symptoms C. Prove to be effective for several years D. All of the above12. One of the greatest costs of AD can be the physical and emotional toll on family members, caregivers, and friends of people with the disease.
A. True B. False13. An imaging technique using radioisotopes that allows researchers to observe and measure activity in different parts of the brain is known as:
A. Functional magnetic resonance imaging B. Magnetoencephalography C. Positron emission tomography D. Single photon emission computed tomography14. Alzheimer's disease is an urgent national health priority as demonstrated by which fact:
A. It is estimated that 1.6 million to 4.3 million people in the United States have AD B. Studies suggest that the number of people with the disease triples for every 5 year age interval beyond age 65 C. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the 65 and older population will increase to about 72 million during the next 20 years starting with the oldest baby boomers, and as society ages, AD rates will likely rise significantly D. Those 85 years and older will potentially quadruple their numbers of AD by 202015. Mood and behavioral problems are increasingly recognized as co-occurring conditions with AD, so it is no longer merely a memory impairment disease.
A. True B. False16. Early onset AD occurs in people age 50-59, and is caused by a mutation in one of two inherited genes.
A. True B. False17. The most obvious disease features seen under the microscope in brain tissue from deceased AD patients are usually:
A. Inflammation and blockage B. Lewy bodies C. Cortical hot spots D. Plaques and tangles18. AD affects neurons sooner and more severely in certain brain regions, particularly in the entorhinal cortext, hippocampus, and certain other cortical regions.
A. True B. False19. The gene associated with late onset AD is:
A. The APP gene B. Presenilin 1 gene C. Presenilin 2 gene D. Apolipoprotein E (APOE)20. Which of the following correctly describes how epigenetic changes may affect certain genes?
A. Epigentic modifications of genes involve changes to the genetic code B. Environmental factors leave their mark on the genome by altering the epigenetic signature of genes C. Unlike gene mutations, epigenetic changes cannot be passed from one cell to its daughter cells during cell division D. All of the above21. A large study in a multiethnic New York community showed that people who maintained a Mediterranean diet had an 18 percent lower risk of developing Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and a 38 percent lower risk of progressing from MCI to AD.
A. True B. False22. African Americans are more likely than whites to report cognitive changes in family members during AD progression.
A. True B. False23. Many people with AD experience "neuropsychiatric" symptoms such as depression, irritability, and:
A. Anxiety B. Mania C. Dysthymia D. Disinhibition24. The growth factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may have potential as a therapeutic target for AD because:
A. It supports nerve cell growth and survival and promotes synaptic outgrowth and plasticity B. BDNF may induce recovery of synapses and synaptic signaling markers and improved spatial memory C. BDNF gene therapy has had positive effects on spatial learning and memory in aged rats and nonhuman primates D. All of the above25. Preliminary studies have shown that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), a blood product, may improve cognition which may in turn be effective in treating AD.
A. True B. False26. Numerous research trials have demonstrated that mental fitness can be greatly increased with consistent brain exercise.
A. True B. False27. Preliminary research has indicated that occupational therapy may improve overall levels of _________________ in demented individuals.
A. Emotional health B. Personal control C. Social interaction D. Pleasure and engagement28. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (ADCS) was launched in 1999 with the goal of pooling and sharing data on participation in Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADC) studies.
A. True B. False29. An increase in the number and quality of preliminary clinical evaluations of interventions for AD was prompted by The Cognitive Aging Summit of 2007.
A. True B. FalseCopyright © 2024 Care CEUs
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