Care CEUs

Last Days of Life

End-of-life Discussions

1. Advance care planning includes which of the following?

A. Establishing the goals of care. B. Clarifying acceptable treatment options. C. Determining where a patient wishes to spend the final days of life. D. All of the above.

Pain During the Final Hours of Life

2. Because cross-tolerance between opioids is not complete, empirical evidence suggests that after an equianalgesic dose is calculated, that dose should be reduced by approximately _____%, then titrated upward to meet the patient's analgesic needs.

A. 10 B. 25 C. 30 D. 50

Dyspnea

3. Opioids decrease the perception of air hunger, regardless of the underlying pathophysiology and without causing respiratory depression.

A. True B. False

Death Rattle

4. Rattle is an indicator of impending death.

A. True B. False

Hemorrhage

5. Hemorrhage is a very common yet extremely disturbing symptom that can arise from cancer or its treatment.

A. True B. False

6. When chronic bleeding occurs, systemic interventions include the use of which vitamin?

A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin C C. Vitamin K D. Vitamin D

Ventilator Withdrawal

7. Guidelines suggest that which of the following should never be introduced when the ventilator is being withdrawn?

A. Paralytic agents B. Parenteral opioids C. Midazolam D. All of the above

Care During the Final Hours

8. When patients respond slowly to questions, are somewhat confused, and have a decreased interest in the environment, family should be encouraged to give the patient time and space and not touch or speak to them.

A. True B. False


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